Understanding, questioning and correctly interpreting media was the central theme of a recent evening event held at the Bildungszentrum St. Bernhard in Wiener Neustadt. The event was organised by Peter Mazohl and focused on the EU co-funded BonJour! project (Erasmus+ 2023-1-IT02-KA220-ADU-000160320, focusing on media literacy), which aims to strengthen media literacy among adults aged 55 and over.
The BonJour! project offers a web-based learning platform designed to help older adults develop important digital and media skills. Participants can learn how to create digital content and gain a more profound understanding of how images, news, and social media shape our perception. A particular focus is placed on recognising reliable information, identifying fake news, and critically evaluating media content.
Screenshot of the opening page of the learning platform.
During the event, several speakers provided short impulse presentations from different professional perspectives. Peter Mazohl, the Austrian project coordinator, introduced the BonJour! project and highlighted the importance of media literacy in an increasingly digital society.
Philipp Grabner, formerly a local journalist and now a member of the editorial team of the Niederösterreichische Nachrichten, spoke about the importance of local journalism and the challenges faced by today’s media landscape. His presentation addressed how misinformation and filter bubbles can influence public opinion.
Michael Mazohl, media consultant, podcaster and author, explored the dynamics of social media under the title “Links, Likes and Lies”. His talk focused on how online platforms influence communication, visibility and the spread of information.
Finally, media educator Harald Makl presented the structure of the BonJour! learning platform. The platform consists of five modules and offers personalised learning paths, automated progress analysis and feedback. It is designed to be easy to use and to support learners in developing media competence independently.
The panellists of the event (from left to right): Harald Makl (Media Educator), Michael Mazohl (Blogger, Author and media consultant), Philipp Grabner (Journalist) and Peter Mazohl (Head of the EBI)
Open for questions
The evening concluded with a panel discussion and open Q&A session, giving participants the opportunity to ask questions and share their perspectives. The event ended in a relaxed atmosphere with a small buffet, allowing for further conversations and exchange of ideas.
The strong interest from participants showed that media literacy is an increasingly important topic—especially for older adults who want to navigate the digital world confidently and responsibly.
The audience was first listening the introduction, but started timely an interesting discussion with the panellists.
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
When a digital learning platform is designed for adults aged 55 and over, usability is not just a technical concern — it is central to whether the platform works at all. If people find a system confusing, frustrating, or difficult to navigate, they are unlikely to engage with it, regardless of how strong the content may be. This is why the BonJour! Project team chose to evaluate the platform using one of the most established methods in the field: the System Usability Scale, or SUS.
What is the System Usability Scale?
The SUS is a standardised questionnaire that has been used in usability research for decades. It consists of ten short statements about a system — covering aspects such as ease of use, consistency, learnability, and user confidence. Participants respond on a five-point scale, ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”. The responses are then converted into a single score between 0 and 100.
Scores above 68 are considered above average. Scores above 80 indicate very good usability, and scores approaching or exceeding 90 are regarded as excellent — placing a system in the top tier of comparable digital tools.
How the evaluation was carried out
A total of 30 participants took part in the evaluation across five modules of the BonJour! platform. The questionnaire was administered in German, maintaining the language of the training programme. After completing each module, participants answered the ten SUS questions, allowing the team to assess usability not just for the platform as a whole, but for each module individually.
What the results show
The results are encouraging across the board. The overall mean SUS score for the platform was 84.8 out of 100, placing it firmly in the “very good” range and close to the threshold that benchmarks describe as excellent.
Looking at the individual modules, a clear pattern emerges. Module 1 — the entry point to the course — achieved a score of 76.3. While this is still a good result, it is the lowest of the five modules. This is not surprising: first encounters with a new platform often require more orientation, and users naturally need some time to familiarise themselves with the structure and navigation. The scores then rise consistently, with Module 2 reaching 83.3, Module 5 84.2, and Module 4 an impressive 89.6.
The standout result belongs to Module 3 — Analyse! Truth? — which achieved a mean SUS score of 91.9. This places it in the “excellent” category and suggests that the module’s design, structure, and interaction flow were particularly well received. It represents a best-practice example within the course and offers useful insights for further development of other modules.
The graphic compared the various modules, in context with the mean value over all modules.
What participants said, in numbers
At the level of individual questionnaire items, participants rated the platform particularly highly for ease of use, the quality of integrated functions, and how quickly they were able to learn to use the system. User confidence while navigating the platform was also notably high. Minor variation appeared in responses related to the need for technical support and the perception of consistency — areas that are worth monitoring in future iterations, though they do not indicate any systematic problem.
What this means in practice
A SUS score of 84.8 is a strong result for any digital platform. For a learning tool aimed specifically at adults who may have varying levels of digital experience, it is particularly meaningful. It suggests that the BonJour! platform is accessible, intuitive, and well-structured — and that most users can engage with it without significant barriers.
Usability of this standard supports not only a positive user experience, but also the educational goals of the project. When a platform is easy to use, learners can focus on what matters: the content, the activities, and the skills they are developing. The BonJour! evaluation results suggest the platform is delivering on that promise.
The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a short, standardised questionnaire used to measure how easy a system is to use. It consists of ten statements — five positive and five negative — which users rate on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
The responses are converted into a single score between 0 and 100. This score reflects the overall usability of a system as perceived by its users. It does not measure technical performance, but captures how confident, comfortable, and in control users feel when interacting with the system.
Scores are interpreted against established benchmarks:
Below 68 — below average; improvements are needed
68–79 — good; the system performs adequately
80–89 — very good; users find the system largely intuitive
90–100 — excellent; the system is considered best-in-class
SUS is widely used in usability research because it is quick to complete, easy to analyse, and produces reliable results even with small groups of participants. It can be applied to any system — digital or physical — and is particularly useful for comparing usability across different versions or modules of a product.
In a time when news no longer lies printed on the breakfast table but appears on our smartphones every second, the nature of information has changed fundamentally. In the past, editorials in well-known newspapers formed the basis of public debate; today they compete with short-lived “likes” and often questionable messages on social networks. This clearly calls for “media literacy for seniors” and for all citizens who want to engage with media in a critical way.
For many citizens, especially for the generation that grew up with the reliability of traditional journalism, an urgent question arises: Who can we still trust in this digital labyrinth?
Digital change offers great opportunities for participation, but it also brings risks for social cohesion. Disinformation and targeted false messages can polarise debates and weaken trust in our democratic institutions. The generation 55+ in particular faces a new challenge here: to combine their many years of life experience with the technical mechanisms of the digital world.
Where does the personal opinion of a user end, and where does a systematic lie begin? To recognise this narrow line, more than technical knowledge is needed – it requires a return to the principles of professional journalism.
This is exactly where our upcoming event begins. We are pleased to welcome two experts who will help bring clarity to the dense flow of information:
A leading journalist will speak about the struggle for objectivity in the digital age and explain why well-researched editorials are still an essential compass today.
An experienced media consultant, author and blogger will provide insights into the careful practice of research. Using his current book, which is based on more than 200 verified sources, he will show that truth is not a coincidence, but the result of hard and systematic work.
The BonJour! Project: building bridges and strengthening skills
Behind these activities stands the BonJour Project. Our goal is to strengthen the media literacy of older adults in a sustainable way. We believe that media education is not a privilege of the young, but a necessary condition for active citizenship at every age.
We developed the new professional role of the “Media Educator for the Elderly” – specialists who support seniors in becoming not only consumers, but confident and critical actors in the digital world. The aim is to strengthen critical thinking, increase self-confidence, and build bridges between generations.
These efforts are supported by an online course that offers an overview in five modules. It introduces basic knowledge about working on the internet, understanding the difference between facts and opinions, and creating reliable journalistic publications. The self-learning course is available on an easy-to-access platform: BonJour! Training Kurs and is offered in German, English, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, and Turkish.
Invitation to dialogue
We warmly invite you to become part of this important debate. Let us learn together how to recognise the mechanisms of manipulation and bring the quality of information back to the centre of public discussion.
Stay informed, stay critical – together let us preserve the culture of well-founded words.
“In the end, media literacy for seniors is the central heart of our work in the Erasmus+ BonJour! project, because it acts as a digital shield against disinformation and gives the generation 55+ the confidence they need to take part in social dialogue safely, critically, and independently in the digital age.”Peter Mazohl
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
In einer Zeit, in der Nachrichten nicht mehr nur gedruckt auf dem Frühstückstisch liegen, sondern im Sekundentakt auf unseren Smartphones aufpoppen, hat sich das Wesen der Information grundlegend verändert. Früher bildeten Leitartikel namhafter Zeitungen das Fundament der öffentlichen Debatte; heute konkurrieren sie mit flüchtigen „Likes“ und oft zweifelhaften Meldungen in den sozialen Netzwerken. Das schreit nach “Medienkompetenz für Senioren” und alle Bürger, die sich kritisch mit Medien auseinandersetzen wollen.
Für viele Bürger, insbesondere für die Generation, die mit der Verlässlichkeit des klassischen Journalismus aufgewachsen ist, stellt sich eine drängende Frage: Wem können wir in diesem digitalen Labyrinth noch glauben?
Der schmale Grat zwischen Meinung und Manipulation
Der digitale Wandel bietet enorme Chancen für die Teilhabe, doch er birgt auch Risiken für den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt. Desinformation und gezielte Falschmeldungen polarisieren Debatten und gefährden das Vertrauen in unsere demokratischen Institutionen. Besonders die Generation 55+ steht hier vor einer neuen Herausforderung: Es gilt, die jahrzehntelange Lebenserfahrung mit den technischen Mechanismen der digitalen Welt zu verknüpfen.
Wo endet die persönliche Meinung eines Nutzers, und wo beginnt die systematische Lüge? Um diesen schmalen Grat zu erkennen, bedarf es mehr als nur technisches Verständnis – es bedarf einer Rückbesinnung auf das journalistische Handwerk.
Genau hier setzt unsere kommende Veranstaltung an. Wir freuen uns, zwei Experten begrüßen zu dürfen, die Licht in das Dickicht der Informationsflut bringen:
Ein führender Journalist wird über das Ringen um Objektivität im digitalen Zeitalter berichten und aufzeigen, warum fundierte Leitartikel gerade heute als Kompass unverzichtbar sind.
Ein erfahrener Medienberater, Autor und Blogger gewährt Einblicke in die akribische Praxis der Recherche. Am Beispiel seines aktuellen Buches, das auf über 200 verifizierten Quellen basiert, demonstriert er, dass Wahrheit kein Zufallsprodukt ist, sondern das Ergebnis harter, methodischer Arbeit.
Das BonJour!-Projekt: Brücken bauen, Kompetenz stärken
Hinter diesen Bemühungen steht das BonJour-Projekt. Unser Ziel ist es, die Medienkompetenz älterer Erwachsener nachhaltig zu stärken. Wir sind überzeugt: Medienbildung ist kein Privileg der Jugend, sondern eine notwendige Voraussetzung für aktive Bürgerschaft in jedem Alter.
Wir entwickelten das neue Berufsbild des „Media Educator for the Elderly“ – Spezialisten, die Senioren dabei unterstützen, nicht nur Konsumenten, sondern souveräne und kritische Akteure in der digitalen Welt zu sein. Es geht darum, das kritische Denken zu schärfen, die Selbstwirksamkeit zu fördern und die Kluft zwischen den Generationen zu überbrücken.
Unterstützt werden diese Bemühungen durch einen Onlinekurs, der in fünf Modulen einen Überblick über Basiswissen zum Arbeiten im Internet, dem Problem der Unterscheidung von Fakten und Meinungen und eigenen journalistisch seriösen Veröffentlichungen anbietet. Der Selbstlernkurs ist auf einer niedrigschwelligen Plattform zu erreichen: BonJour! Training Kurs und steht in den Sprachen Deutsch, Englisch, Italienisch, Portugiesisch, Polnisch und Türkisch zur Verfügung.
Einladung zum Dialog
Wir laden Sie herzlich ein, Teil dieser wichtigen Debatte zu werden. Lassen Sie uns gemeinsam lernen, wie wir die Mechanismen der Manipulation durchschauen und die Qualität der Information wieder in den Mittelpunkt rücken.
Bleiben Sie informiert, bleiben Sie kritisch – bewahren wir gemeinsam die Kultur des fundierten Wortes.
„Letztlich ist Medienkompetenz für Senioren das entscheidende Herzstück unserer Arbeit im Erasmus+ BonJour! Projekt, da sie als digitaler Schutzschild gegen Desinformation fungiert und der Generation 55+ die nötige Souveränität verleiht, um auch im digitalen Zeitalter sicher, kritisch und selbstbestimmt am gesellschaftlichen Dialog teilzunehmen.“Peter Mazohl
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
On June 10th, 2025, a successful training course for media educators took place in Wiener Neustadt as part of the BonJour! project. The course followed a Flipped Learning 3.0 model and combined self-directed online preparation with face-to-face group activities. Participants prepared using a low-threshold multimedia learning platform, designed to meet the needs of adult learners, especially those working with older adults.
Harald Makl giving initial instructions to learners.
The training focused on five key modules:
Adult Learning and Andragogy
Media Literacy Essentials
Digital Storytelling with Older Adults
Tools & Didactics for Teaching
Assessment and Empowerment
The total course duration was 25 hours, consisting of 20 hours of distance learning and 5 hours of in-person instruction. All participants were qualified teachers in either school education or adult education.
Trainers
The training was led by Peter Mazohl, a recognised expert in Flipped Learning 3.0 and adult education, and Harald Makl, a specialist in media education and an experienced adult trainer. Their complementary expertise ensured a high-quality, practice-oriented learning experience.
Training content (for media educators)
Each module was aligned with specific learning outcomes and elements of the DigComp 2.2 framework. The training content covered inclusive tools, interactive methods, digital storytelling techniques, and reflective assessment strategies. Learner performance was evaluated using an action research approach, and participants received a certificate based on Micro-Credentials upon successful completion.
The training was met with highly positive feedback, confirming the relevance, accessibility, and practical value of the course for teaching professionals.
Flipped Learning 3.0 Manifesto: An Approach to Learning in Adult Education, P. Mazohl, H. Makl (2024), ISBN-13: 979-8341099272
Flipped Learning 3.0: The Operating System for the Future of Talent Development, English Edition by Mr Jon Bergmann (Author), Mr Errol St. Clair Smith (Author), ISBN-13: 978-0999139707
The BonJour Project addresses the urgent need to strengthen media literacy among adults aged 55 and above. In an age where disinformation and misinformation pose serious risks to democracy, public health, security, and social cohesion, it is essential to empower all citizens – including older adults – with the skills to critically navigate digital content.
People over 55 are often excluded from formal education and workforce training opportunities. This leaves many without the media literacy and digital competencies required to actively participate in today’s digital society. As a result, they are particularly vulnerable to online manipulation and often face ageist portrayals in the media.
BonJour seeks to bridge this gap by offering tailored media education that includes training in media literacy and journalism. These skills enable older adults to better distinguish between fact and fiction, communicate effectively, and advocate for their rights and interests. In doing so, the project fosters social participation, critical thinking, and intergenerational inclusion.
The project combines face-to-face and blended learning formats specifically adapted to the needs of learners aged 55+, ensuring accessibility and relevance. By enhancing digital and media competencies, BonJour contributes to the prevention of digital exclusion and promotes the active engagement of older adults in civil society.
Peter Mazohl, a graduate in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Education, is an experienced educator with over 30 years of secondary teaching and a strong background in adult education since 1985. As President of EBI/EIE and lecturer at TU Vienna, he specialises in multimedia development, AI in education, and international project management.
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
The following section presents an example of a learning unit designed for the online learning platform as part of the BonJour! Project’s Flipped Learning 3.0-based training course. This unit is implemented as multimedia-based, interactive content to engage learners and effectively support self-directed learning. BonJour example
It reflects the project’s approach to enhancing media literacy and digital skills among older individuals while providing a flexible and accessible learning experience tailored to their needs.
Webpage of the project:
Module 1: Adult Learning and Andragogy – Understanding the 55+ Learner
Learning Outcomes
Understand principles of adult learning (Malcolm Knowles).
Design inclusive, flexible, and motivating learning experiences.
Adapt teaching to cognitive ageing and emotional barriers.
Key Content
Adult motivation, self-direction, and learning autonomy.
Learning design aligned with Universal Design for Learning (UDL).
You will understand how adults aged 55+ learn, including the impact of cognitive ageing and emotional barriers, and how to design inclusive, motivating, and accessible learning experiences that foster empathy, patience, and respect.
The example presented here is part of a wider implementation of the BonJour! training course. Further modules will be available on the EBI’s website as multimedia-based, interactive learning units. These materials are designed to support the preparation of future Media Educators for the Elderly and will be used in the upcoming training course in Wiener Neustadt.
This text summarises the results of the focus rounds implemented at the project’s start. The Fundacja PSP (Poland) team analysed and transferred the provided feedback into readable form.
Andragogical Approaches for Teaching Media Literacy and Digital Skills to Adults 55+
Teaching older adults media literacy and digital skills requires a practical, interactive, and flexible pedagogical approach. Educators must consider seniors’ cognitive and emotional needs and ensure that learning is accessible, confidence-building, and relevant to real-life situations. Various countries emphasize hands-on learning, structured guidance, and supportive environments to foster practical digital literacy.
1. Effective Teaching Methods and Approaches
Country-Based Overview
Poland (PSP & IFAE): The most effective methods include Kolb’s experiential learning cycle, learning-by-doing, and creating a friendly, patient atmosphere. A mix of theory and practice, supported by interactive discussions and small-group work, helps seniors engage meaningfully.
Turkey: Seniors benefit most from demonstration-based learning, interactive group work, and discovery-based methods. Educators must address their fear of making mistakes by providing step-by-step guidance and practical examples.
Italy: Experience-based learning is preferred, with an emphasis on cooperative learning, micro-objectives, and hands-on practice. Teaching should focus on transformative learning, helping seniors reflect on and apply new skills in daily life.
Austria: Learning approaches must be tailored to individual needs while emphasizing multimodal and intergenerational learning. Confidence-building is key, as many older adults fear failure and embarrassment when engaging with digital tools.
Best Practices Across Countries
Hands-on learning through trial and error.
Small-group discussions and cooperative learning to foster peer support.
Blended learning approaches combining face-to-face training with online reinforcement.
Experiential methods to ensure relevance to daily life.
Encouraging mistake-making as part of the learning process.
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Seniors prefer one-on-one instruction, group work, and trial-and-error learning. Visual and structured learning materials (such as blackboards, tables, and printed notes) help reinforce concepts.
Turkey: Hands-on, interactive methods are preferred, including peer-to-peer learning and video-based instruction. Seniors also benefit from structured learning goals to stay motivated.
Italy: Face-to-face learning, practical exercises, and video tutorials are the most effective. Seniors favour cooperation over individualism and need structured, goal-oriented teaching.
Austria: Confidence-building techniques and intergenerational learning are crucial in keeping seniors engaged.
Best Practices Across Countries
Group learning and peer-to-peer support foster collaboration.
Face-to-face teaching is essential for building trust.
Simple and clear instructions make learning accessible.
Practical tasks and real-life applications boost motivation.
Structured lessons with well-defined goals help maintain engagement.
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Learning materials should be clear, visually accessible, and well-structured. Printed notes, booklets, and handouts should accompany lessons. Seniors prefer no formal grading, tests, or learning for self-development rather than certification.
Turkey: Printouts, videos, and slides are preferred. Learning materials should be designed for repetition and gradual skill-building.
Italy: Materials must meet accessibility standards (e.g., Verdana font size 14+, line spacing 1.5+). Short sentences and clear explanations reduce cognitive overload.
Austria: Various media formats, including interactive elements, printed resources, and hands-on workshops, are recommended.
Best Practices Across Countries
Use large fonts and high-contrast materials for readability.
Provide printed resources (booklets, summary sheets) for reference.
Keep explanations short and clear to aid comprehension.
Ensure accessibility standards for digital content.
Offer structured, progressive learning materials to build skills step by step.
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Short lessons (1–1.5 hours) with frequent breaks work best. Educators should ensure clear objectives, flexible lesson plans, and plenty of time for questions and discussions.
Turkey: Practical exercises should be repeated at home to reinforce learning. Group projects and intergenerational learning can increase engagement.
Italy: In-person sessions should focus on skill acquisition and social interaction, while online learning should reinforce concepts. Sessions should be limited to 45–60 minutes to prevent fatigue.
Austria: Confidence-building is essential; educators should encourage mistake-making as part of the learning process and use multimodal teaching approaches.
Best Practices Across Countries
Short, well-structured lessons with frequent breaks.
A combination of in-person and online learning is needed to reinforce skills.
Encouraging independent practice at home.
Providing social interaction opportunities to prevent isolation.
Building confidence and motivation by creating a supportive environment.
5. Addressing Challenges and Fears in Senior Learning
Common Challenges Across Countries
Technological barriers: Seniors struggle with complex interfaces, small fonts, and unfamiliar digital tools.
Fear of making mistakes: Many older adults hesitate to engage due to self-doubt and lack of confidence.
Memory and cognitive difficulties: Forgetfulness and slower information processing require repetition and simplified learning materials.
Social and cultural barriers: Some learners struggle with modern terminology or topics like multiculturalism or digital privacy.
Country-Based Overview
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Educators should provide active listening, personalized support, and clear communication. Engaging workshops help build confidence.
Turkey: Seniors need step-by-step guidance and supportive learning environments to reduce fear. Group-based learning helps prevent individual frustration.
Italy: Educators must be patient and encouraging, addressing fears of judgment and failure. Lessons should connect to personal experiences to make learning more relatable.
Austria: Seniors should be encouraged to embrace mistakes and view learning as a process. Intergenerational exchange can help build confidence.
Best Practices Across Countries
Create a safe, non-judgmental learning environment.
Encourage mistake-making as part of learning.
Provide step-by-step support to overcome technological barriers.
Use engaging and interactive teaching strategies.
Relate lessons to real-life experiences to increase motivation.
Poland (PSP & IFAE): PowerPoint, Mentimeter, Moodle, and social media are useful, but many seniors struggle with basic tech navigation. Fake news awareness and web security are crucial components of digital education.
Turkey: Seniors prefer printed materials but are also interested in social media and digital apps. Gamification and interactive tasks can improve engagement.
Italy: Tools like Google Translate, WhatsApp, and Facebook are widely used, but clear learning objectives are essential to prevent frustration.
Austria: Multimedia resources and hands-on practice are key. AI-generated fake content is becoming harder to detect, requiring strong digital literacy training.
Best Practices Across Countries
Simplify digital interfaces and use large fonts/icons.
Teach cybersecurity and critical thinking skills.
Incorporate gamification and interactive tasks.
Use familiar platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp.
Provide continuous guidance and reinforcement exercises.
The spread of disinformation and misinformation poses risks to democracy, public health, and social cohesion, particularly affecting older adults who often lack adequate media literacy. The BonJour project aims to bridge this gap by enhancing media literacy, journalism skills, and digital competencies for people over 55, fostering their social activism, and reducing the generational digital divide through blended learning formats.
Project number: 2023-1-IT02-KA220-ADU-000160320
Webpage: www.bonjour-project.eu/
This text summarises the results of the focus rounds implemented at the project’s start. The provided feedback was analysed and brought into a readable way by the team from Fundacja PSP (Poland).
Media educators play a crucial role in helping older adults navigate the evolving landscape of journalism in the digital age. As misinformation and fake news become increasingly prevalent, seniors must develop critical thinking skills, fact-checking abilities, and responsible information-sharing practices.
Teaching strategies should focus on practical applications, hands-on learning, and fostering media literacy as a means of social empowerment.
1. Understanding the Changing Nature of Journalism
Country-Based Overview
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Media educators should explain the changing role of journalism, including the rise of civic and guerrilla journalism and how digital platforms influence the spread of news. It is essential to highlight that journalistic standards—fact-based reporting, reliability of sources, and separating opinions from facts—remain unchanged.
Turkey: Emphasizes the opportunity digital platforms provide for tracking news and comparing media sources over time. Journalists and media educators must consider their audiences’ needs and capabilities when producing content.
Italy: Focuses on helping seniors select trustworthy media sources, analyse articles in group settings, and understand citizen journalism. Seniors should be made aware that anyone can publish online, making source verification essential.
Austria: Stresses the importance of critical thinking, teaching seniors to evaluate who is sharing information, their motives, and whether the content has real value.
Best Practices Across Countries
Explain the evolution of journalism, including new forms like citizen journalism.
Highlight the difference between professional journalism and opinion-based content.
Teach seniors how to evaluate news sources and detect media biases.
Use real-life case studies to illustrate the mechanics of news production.
Encourage active discussions on the role and impact of modern journalism.
2. Preventing the Spread of Fake News and Misinformation
Country-Based Overview
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Educators must teach fact-checking techniques, how misinformation spreads, and how to analyse manipulative techniques. Hands-on exercises can be effective, such as experimenting with fake news creation (while considering ethical concerns).
Turkey: Learners should be taught to verify sources, question shocking news, and avoid automatically sharing images or articles without proper validation. Educators should emphasize the negative consequences of spreading misinformation.
Italy: Seniors should ask key questions before sharing news: What is the source? Are there other similar reports? Why do I want to share this? Encouraging cross-referencing multiple sources is essential.
Austria: Seniors should use critical thinking when consuming and sharing news. They should focus on fact-checking multiple reliable sources, recognizing bias, and understanding the motives behind information.
3. Encouraging Responsible News Consumption and Sharing
Country-Based Overview
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Media educators should explain how emotions influence information processing and the psychological mechanisms behind viral misinformation. Educators can create discussion groups where seniors analyse and verify news articles together.
Turkey: Emphasizes educating seniors on the importance of reliable sources and training them in critical news analysis. Seniors must understand that not everything online is trustworthy.
Italy: Encourages a structured approach to information verification, urging seniors to read before sharing, critically examine URLs, and consult multiple sources.
Austria: Seniors must apply common sense when evaluating information and avoid sharing content impulsively. Fact-checking should be a routine habit rather than an occasional action.
Best Practices Across Countries
Train seniors to recognize unreliable sources and misleading headlines.
Encourage discussion-based learning—seniors learn best when analysing news collectively.
Promote a “fact-checking first” culture—read, verify, and discuss before sharing.
Introduce simple verification tools such as fact-checking websites and browser extensions.
Emphasize the long-term impact of misinformation—how it affects society and personal credibility.
4. Teaching Digital and Media Literacy for Social Empowerment
Country-Based Overview
Poland (PSP & IFAE): Media educators should explain online media trends and teach seniors how to find high-quality journalism. Discussions should explore why journalism matters and how it functions in society.
Turkey: Seniors should be taught how to navigate online media independently, empowering them to compare sources and identify misinformation.
Italy: The focus should be on equal access to digital news sources, helping seniors develop informed media consumption habits.
Austria: Media literacy should include basic digital skills, recognizing biases, and understanding how media narratives are shaped.
Best Practices Across Countries
Explain how media trends emerge and why certain narratives dominate.
Help seniors distinguish between reliable and misleading journalism.
Teach about digital rights and equal access to quality information.
Develop personal media consumption strategies for seniors.
Promote active engagement in media rather than passive consumption.
The spread of disinformation and misinformation poses risks to democracy, public health, and social cohesion, particularly affecting older adults who often lack adequate media literacy. The BonJour project aims to bridge this gap by enhancing media literacy, journalism skills, and digital competencies for people over 55, fostering their social activism, and reducing the generational digital divide through blended learning formats.
Project number: 2023-1-IT02-KA220-ADU-000160320
Webpage: www.bonjour-project.eu/